Income Distribution

This report is part of the “Energy Subsidy Reform in Action” series produced by the ESMAP Energy Subsidy Reform Facility, with the objective of drawing insights from recent experiences and …

was often coupled with considerations of income distribution and methods of support for low-income households …

Global public debt is elevated. It is projected to exceed US$100 trillion in 2024 and will rise over the medium term. This chapter shows that risks to the debt outlook …

limiting their adverse impact on output and income distribution? 3. How can governments tackle unidentified … households: 5th percentile and below in the income distribution). Energy subsidies are calibrated based on … households: 5th percentile and below in the income distribution). Energy subsidies are calibrated based on …

This Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) Update assesses the evolution of Panama’s development challenges and policy priorities since the publication of the SCD in 2015. During the last eight years, Panama …

workers in the bottom 40 percent of the income distribution who were transitioning out of the primary … workers in the bottom 40 percent of the income distribution. On average, informal workers earn less … workers in the bottom 40 percent of the income distribution are self-employed or work in firms with … rates are similar among people across the income distribution, highlighting the capacity to improve the …

Each year, governments around the world collectively spend billions of dollars subsidizing the production and consumption of electricity, fossil fuels, or district heating. These subsidies cause economywide distortions and encourage …

was often coupled with considerations of income distribution and methods of support for low-income households …

Abstract We examine how the well-being of those with few resources changed, amidst economic disruption and large, transitory government transfers. We find that in the years leading up to the …

mouth consumption at the bottom of the income distribution and shows that the permanent income model …

This phase of hyper-globalization and deterritorialization began to reverse after the 2008 subprime crisis, the aftermath of which saw the beginning of the deglobalization period of today. [...] In contrast …

capital, labor, and land, as well as on income distribution within capital itself. This digital transition … capital, labor, and land, as well as on income distribution within capital itself. This digital transition … CITIES IN FOCUS Democratic representation and income distribution crises have the most significant potential …

This note introduces the 14th edition of the Global Database of Shared Prosperity (GDSP). Shared prosperity, a key indicator of inclusive growth, is measured as the annualized growth rate in …

This work aims to offer a strategic approach to policymakers when undertaking digital transformation reforms in education and skills development systems, with a focus on “how.” It builds on the …

Notes: * Demographics, gender, social norms, income distribution, national wealth, economic growth and productivity …

• On October 11, 2024, the IMF’s Executive Board concluded the Review of Charges and the Surcharge Policy. The review is part of a broader ongoing effort to ensure that …

for FY2025‒29 after an illustrative net income distribution of SDR 1.38 billion per year, assuming that …

This edition of the Macro Poverty Outlooks periodical contains country-by-country forecasts and overviews for GDP, fiscal, debt and poverty indicators for the developing countries of Europe and Central Asia. Macroeconomic …

increase—which affected positively the bottom of the income distribution - are expected to have supported further …