GOVERNING THROUGH THE CLOUD: THE INTERMEDIARY ROLE OF COMPUTE PROVIDERS IN AI REGULATION

We argue that internationalization will be key to effective implementation, and highlight the critical challenge of balancing confidentiality and privacy with risk mitigation as the role of compute providers in AI regulation expands. [...] As these systems necessitate extensive amounts of compute to train and deploy at large scales, targeting compute providers becomes a promising method to oversee the development and deployment of such systems. [...] usage, such as a customer’s compute usage data.1 Enables Enables shared security Increases visibility into AI Ensures that the Directly impacts the standards to protect the development, links deployment and capability of customers to public good, such as customers and their usage development of AI systems develop or deploy safeguarding critical to real-world actors, and adhere to regulations or ad. [...] Expanding the role of compute providers to also record and validate domestic customers using compute at frontier AI thresholds could enable the US government to identify and address AI safety risks arising domestically. [...] Complementing these measures with verification and enforcement roles for compute providers could further enable the construction of a comprehensive compute oversight scheme, and ensure that AI firms and developers are complying with AI regulations.