The country of origin is defined as the birth country of the immigrant, while the receiving country is defined as the country in which the immigrant is currently living and is giving the interview. [...] In other words, the years lived during the study years with the combination of both conditions A and B is the numerator, while the total person-years lived with 6 condition A during those years is the denominator. [...] In the total sample, the prevalence for both the single chronic diseases and the two-disease combinations are age-standardized using the 2013 European Standard Population [27]. [...] Silvia Loi was funded by grants to the Max Planck - University of Helsinki Center from the Max Planck Society, the Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation, the Faculty of Social Sciences at the University of Helsinki, and the cities of Helsinki, Vantaa, and Espoo. [...] Effect of length of stay on smoking among Turkish and Eastern European immigrants in Germany—Interpretation in the light of the smoking epidemic model and the acculturation theory.