But it is a task that leading cities around the world are undertaking through investments in public programs and services that keep pace with current needs as well as anticipate future needs and population growth; through holistic approaches that recognize the interconnectedness and co-dependency of the private and public sectors; and by fostering equity and social inclusion of all people. [...] The Charter reflects the principle that a city's walkability is one of the most important measures of the quality of its public realm, and of its health and vitality. [...] It is multi-dimensional as it includes: the physical structure, its design and characteristics; the social and psychological aspects of the home; the immediate physical area around the building; and the social characteristics and range of services in a neighbourhood.61 Poor housing conditions are associated with a wide range of health conditions, including respiratory infections, asthma, lead pois [...] While prosperity is important for health, for a city to grow and prosper, it needs to consider health in its decision-making.114 For a city to grow and Healthy lives are the result of the influences of many different and prosper, it must be interacting factors. [...] There are four main ways in which local governments influence the future health and prosperity of a city: visioning and strategic policy; urban and social planning; program delivery; and monitoring, evaluation and assessment of programs and services, which help improve the efficiency and effectiveness of a city’s operations.