Vessel Collision Design of Bridges

In the period from 1960 to 1998, there have been 30 major bridge collapses worldwide due to ship or barge collision, with a total loss of life of 321 people. Of the bridge catastrophes mentioned above, 15 have occurred in the United States, including the 1980 collapse of the Sunshine Skyway Bridge crossing Tampa Bay, Florida, in which 396 m of the main span collapsed and 35 lives were lost as a result of the collision by an empty bulk carrier