Analysis of public policies that unintentionally encourage and subsidize urban sprawl / : NCE cities - sprawl subsidy report

AnAlysis of Public Policies ThAT uninTenTionAlly encourAge And subsidize urbAn sPrAwl. [...] This provides a framework for understanding various economic costs of sprawl, including displacement of agriculturally and ecologically productive lands, increased infrastructure costs, and increased transportation costs including increases in per capita facility costs, consumer expenditures, travel time, congestion delays, traffic accidents and pollution emissions, plus reduced accessibility for [...] It identified various sprawl-inducing planning and market distortions including development practices that favor dispersed development over compact urban infill, underpricing of public infrastructure and services in sprawled locations, underpricing of motor vehicle travel, and transport planning practices that favor mobility over accessibility and automobile travel over more resource-efficient mod [...] Such cities require strong policies that maximize livability in dense neighborhoods, including well-designed streets that accommodate diverse activities; adequate public greenspace (parks and trails), building designs that maximize fresh air, privacy and private outdoor space; transport policies that favor space-efficient modes (walking, cycling and public transit); and restrictions on motor vehic [...] As a result, to maximize economic efficiency and livability, cities must efficiently manage roads and parking facilities and limit automobile ownership to what these facilities can accommodate.