However, the good news is that the trend is declining and the level of the index stands at roughly the same level as in 2006. [...] Temporary employment among mind, the remainder of this report will provide an in-depth youth rose quickly as a share of total youth employment, view of the trends in these numbers, as well as the outlook from 25% in 1997 to 30% in 2001. [...] Most industries in Canada have some discernible element Temporary employment is considered precarious because of seasonality, meaning hiring fluctuates with the changing of the uncertainty around earnings beyond the contract of the seasons. [...] Specifi- cally, seasonality in the goods-producing sector is four to There are several measures of underemployment in six times that of the services-producing sector (depending Canada, with one of the alternatives (the so-called ‘R6’) in- on the year), although the influence of seasonality in the cluding Canadians that are unemployed, waiting for recalls, goods-producing sector has been declining [...] In a historical context, much of the CHART 10: VOLUNTARY PART-TIME WORK IS 3 increase in part-time employment occurred during the 1970s TIMES MORE COMMON THAN INVOLUNTARY and 1980s, commensurate with the increased presence of % of total employment Voluntary part-time 80 women in the labour force (Chart 9).