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Chapter 1: Introduction Our approach The Commission’s work to develop this advice on options for international shipping and aviation emissions is carried out in the context of the overall purpose of the Act: “to provide a framework by which New Zealand can develop and implement clear and stable climate change policies that contribute to the global effort under the Paris Agreement to limit the glob. [...] Chapter 3: Potential impacts and the choice to make Considering the impacts of including these emissions in the target The Commission’s role in advising the Government requires us to consider what decisions might mean for the economy, for the environment, for society and for future generations; this includes considering te ao Māori, the Crown–Māori relationship, and the specific effects for iwi/Mā. [...] The first choice to make: our initial assessment At the end of Chapter 3 we provide an initial assessment of the options Aotearoa New Zealand has for the first choice in focus in this review: to include international shipping and aviation emissions in the country’s long-term emissions target, or not (or to defer to a future review of the 2050 target). [...] At the time of setting the 2050 target, some submitters on the draft amendments questioned whether excluding the international shipping and aviation emissions from the target was in line with the purpose of the Act – to provide a framework for Aotearoa New Zealand to contribute to global efforts to limit global warming to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels. [...] 30 The formal requirements: matters we must consider The Act requires us to “provide written advice to the Minister (of Climate Change) on whether the 2050 target should be amended to include emissions from international shipping and aviation (and, if so, how the target should be amended).” As well as considering the purpose of the Act to support the country’s contribution to international efforts.