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In the case of the Tobacco Act, the federal government is exercising its criminal law power to create legislation that addresses the public health concern of smoking, and it regulates through prohibition and penalty on different aspects of tobacco, including the manufacture, sale, labelling, and promotion of tobacco products.29 Theoretically, the federal government could utilize the Tobacco Act to. [...] This list must include timelines for assessment; initiatives to assess, control, or manage risks to human health or the environment; and initiatives to promote the development and incorporation of scientifically justified alternative methods and strategies.43 Then, the Ministers must publish the proposed plan in the Environmental Registry and give notice of this plan in the Canada Gazette.44 A 60-. [...] The actions can be 1) taking no further action, 2) adding the substance to the list of potentially toxic substances in section 75.1, 3) recommending that the substance be added to Part 1 of the list of toxic substances in Schedule 1, or 4) recommending that the substance be added to Part 2 of the list of toxic substances in Schedule 1.46 When the Ministers recommend that a substance be added to Sc. [...] It is beyond the scope of this report to explore this fully, but such a ban stands to impact vulnerable and marginalized communities, and this impact is discussed a bit more in the municipal section of this report.88 Further, the Amendments direct the Minister to implement CEPA in accordance with the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP).89 The Preamble mentions t. [...] This option was mentioned briefly above, and after filing the request, the Ministers must assess a substance to determine if it is toxic or “capable of becoming toxic.”93 The request must be made in writing94 and in a form specified by the Minister.95 Once a request is made, the Minister must consider the request and issue a decision.96 Within 90 days of receiving the request, the Minister needs t.