Net zero 2035: Lessons from international initiatives to decarbonise transport

Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) is part of UK Research and Innovation, a new organisation that brings together the UK’s seven research councils, Innovate UK and Research England to maximise the contribution of each council and create the best environment for research and innovation to flourish. [...] • Initiatives are categorised into those • Impact data is scarce for that help to reduce or avoid the implemented initiatives and even need for travel, shift the where data are available, it is transportation of people and goods unlikely to be directly transferable to to more sustainable forms of the Welsh context, given different transport, or improve the operational transport needs and socio-eco. [...] Transportation needs and opportunities to decarbonise The movement of people and goods within Wales predominantly occurs via surface transport, with aviation and shipping mostly reserved for travel and transportation to the rest of the UK and internationally. [...] The avoid-shift-improve framework Opportunities to decarbonise the transport sector can be categorised into those that help to reduce or avoid the need for travel, shift the transportation of people and goods to more sustainable forms of transport, or improve the operational efficiency of transport modes. [...] By integrating services and facilities into one system, the desire is to Net zero 2035 connecting people and places: International initiatives to decarbonise transport 14 increase the use of public transport and reduce private car dependency (Crozet and Coldefy, 2021).