POLICY BRIEF May 2024 ENHANCING AMR NATIONAL ACTION PLANS: INSIGHTS FROM ITALY, SPAIN & THE NETHERLANDS BACKGROUND OBJECTIVE Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) occurs when Conduct a comparative analysis of Italy, the microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi Netherlands, and Spain’s NAPs to enhance their and parasites, adapt and multiply in the presence effectiveness in addressing AMR epidemi. [...] The To assess the NAPs, a modified assessment tool World Health Organization (WHO) developed developed by the European Commission in the a Global Action Plan (GAP) on AMR.3 However, Overview report: Member States’ One Health recent reviews highlight that the majority of National Action Plans against Antimicrobial national AMR strategies are underfinanced and/ Resistance was used.6 Using the tool,. [...] If indicators were present, the quality of the This policy brief reviews the National Action measures was assessed using the SMART (specific, Plans (NAPs) of Italy, the Netherlands and Spain to measurable, achievable, relevant, time-bound) identify gaps and provide recommendations for criteria.7 future adaptations. [...] POLICY BRIEF – ENHANCING AMR NATIONAL ACTION PLANS 1 FINDINGS Common areas of improvement The NAPs are approached from a “One Health” Italy, Spain, and the Netherlands were perspective; however, they predominantly evaluated using the EU tool6, revealing varying emphasise human and animal health, giving compliance levels: Italy (72%), Spain (51%), and minimal attention to the environment and the Ne. [...] Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or European Health and Digital Executive Agency (HADEA).
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