Working with Others to Halt Sudan’s Collapse T

The conflict erupted in April Union and its member states should: 2023 amid a struggle between the country’s two • Put their weight behind the formal ceasefire most powerful security forces, the Sudanese talks in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; army, under General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, • Help align the peace efforts of key players, and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces including the UN, the African Un. [...] institutions of Bashir’s regime – the army and The RSF had the advantage for most of the the RSF, which formed partly from the rem- war. [...] The involvement of external ment along ethnic lines led to mass killings powers such as Egypt, Iran and the UAE com- and displacement of the Masalit, a non-Arab plicates the conflict’s resolution, while also rais- community, from West Darfur at the hands of ing the risk of spillover, particularly into Chad, the RSF and aligned militias at the beginning of South Sudan, Ethiopia and Eritrea. [...] include Egypt, the UAE, the AU and the Horn of The involvement of Darfuri armed groups Africa bloc IGAD, but they appear to be strug- and affiliated militias in support of the army gling to coax the army back to the table. [...] The tion, while working to ensure that Sudan is not most recent happened on the sidelines of the crowded out of the global agenda by headline- Paris conference, where the EU convened the grabbing crises in Ukraine and Gaza.