Groundwater and Water Accounting in Southern Africa within the Perspective of - Global Climate Change - Jaap Arntzen Rashid Hassan

It is therefore essential to fully integrate ground water resources in water management and planning by: Monitoring the trends in availability and quality of groundwater resources; Comparing the compatibility and substitution options between groundwater and surface water sources; Comparing the costs and benefits of using ground and surface water as well as options of conjunctive use and artificial. [...] Water stress is the mildest form of scarcity and exists when water resources are short of meeting the basic consumptive and productive needs of the population. [...] South Africa and Zimbabwe) offers opportunities to address allocative efficiency systematically; Development and use of the optimal combination of ground and surface water sources based on economic, environmental and social arguments; Water protection and sustainable use of the available water resources. [...] 51 The SEEA water flow accounts, in their most comprehensive form, measure the flow of water between the economy and the environment, and within the economy between water suppliers and end-users. [...] The accounts for the three southern African countries do maintain the detail both of the institutions supplying water and the classification of water by natural source.