01 — Page 1-14 — Multipliers from Mining (27.02.2019).indd

The post-war apartheid state was able to draw on mineral rents and use the levers of the state to embark on massively ambitious projects in the energy and chemical sector, which saw the establishment and growth of Sasol and Mossgas (later PetroSA) as well as signifi cant investment in electricity generation.’ Th e Manufacturing Circle’s ‘Map’ diagnoses the key problem facing the manufacturing sect. [...] With the fi nalisation of the Mining Charter and the withdrawal of proposed amendments to the Minerals and Petroleum Resources Amendment Act, the regulatory environment stabilised in the second half of 2018. [...] It said:33 In terms of benefi ciation commitments and the off set option the key issue is to capture the actual benefi ciation activities of a company and to convert it to the same unit of measure- ment of ownership e.g. [...] The issue of ‘baseline’ benefi ciation has not been further clarifi ed although benefi ciation has con- tinued to complicate the regulatory environment through the second iteration of the Mining Charter (2010)34 and further development of the empowerment Codes of Conduct. [...] led to an infl ux of metallurgical professionals from around the world and gave birth to one of the early professional societies in Johannesburg, the Chemical and Metallurgical Society or the “Cyanide Club” as it was popularly known.’45 However, although ‘mining inputs’ is one of the DTI’s focal areas, and this speaks to the advantages of further developing upstream industries, the strategy of sup.