The country needs to grow at about 6% a year in order to make a real dent in the country’s very high rates of pov- erty and unemployment. [...] This is due to a number of factors, primarily South African eco- nomic stagnation and the rise of the middle class in India and China, for example. [...] Included in the graph is the latest SARB GDP forecast for the period 2018-2021. [...] 6FreeFACTS l No 6/2019 l June 2019 l Issue 14 Institute of Race Relations The Economy Change in real GDP per head and the population growth rate, 1994-2018 GDP per capitaa, South Africa and the World, 1990-2017 a Constant PPP terms in 2011 international $. [...] The Reserve Bank determines reference upper (peaks) and lower (troughs) turning points in the business cycle in terms of the growth cycle defi nition of business cycles and not the classical defi nition.
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- Johannesburg, South Africa