Improving access to medicines for neurological disorders

Table of Contents

• _Hlk166179201 8
• _Hlk166178941 9
• _Hlk166207891 28
• _Hlk166207140 32
• _Hlk166591240 32
• _Hlk166207331 32
• Foreword 5
• Acknowledgements 6
• Abbreviations 7
• Executive summary 7
• 1. Introduction 13
• 1.1 Epidemiology of neurological disorders 14
• 1.2 The treatment gap for neurological disorders 14
• 1.3 Access to medicines frameworks 15
• 1.4 Scope of this report 16
• 1.5 Aims of this report 17
• 2. Methodology 18
• 2.1 Landscape analysis 18
• 2.2 Expert consultation 19
• 3. Components affecting access to medicines for neurological disorders 20
• 3.1 Stigma and awareness 21
• 3.2 Selection and use of essential medicines 22
• 3.3 Registration and market authorization 25
• 3.4 Financial aspects 27
• 3.4.1 Health financing 27
• 3.4.2 Price and affordability of medicines 28
• 3.5 Availability of medicines 29
• 3.6 Trained health workforce 31
• 3.7 Additional components affecting access to medicines for neurological disorders 33
• 3.7.1 Health information systems 33
• 3.7.2 Supply chain 33
• 3.7.3 Regional and local manufacturing 34
• 3.7.4 Quality of medicines and pharmacovigilance 35
• 4. Additional neurological disorders 38
• 4.1 Headache disorders 38
• 4.2 Multiple sclerosis 38
• 4.3 Stroke 39
• 5. Special considerations 40
• 5.1 Access to medicines in emergency contexts 40
• 5.2 Access to paediatric medicines and formulations 41
• 5.3 Regulation of controlled medicines 42
• 6. Country spotlight on improving access to medicines for epilepsy and Parkinson disease 44
• 6.1 Improving the selection and use of medicines for epilepsy and Parkinson disease in Ghana 44
• 6.2 Towards improvement of access to medicines for neurological disorders in the United Republic of Tanzania 45
• 7. An approach to improve access to medicines for neurological disorders 47
• 7.1 Strengthen leadership 47
• 7.2 Promote appropriate selection and use of medicines 48
• 7.3 Strengthen regulatory environments 48
• 7.4 Strengthen supply chain and procurement systems 49
• 7.5 Improve financing for and affordability of neurological medicines 49
• 7.6 Build health system workforce capacity 50
• 7.7 Strengthen data and health information systems 51
• 7.8 Encourage coordination, partnership and convening 51
• References 52