doi:10.20991/allazimuth.1532722 All Azimuth V0, N0, 2024, 1-17

Relations in the decade of the 2020s this paper poses two essential questions: How do we explain the ongoing relations between the two nations despite the multiplicity of issues over which they disagree that might otherwise rupture the relationship? In the light of the explanations for the persistence of their relations, what possibility exists for the two nations to resolve most, if not all, of t. [...] to classify the PKK as a terrorist organization, conceding that the PKK remains a threat to the Turkish state, while at the same time remaining silent as to the status of the YPG/YPJ and the Syrian-Kurdish dominated SDF, which Ankara views as another potential threat to the Turkish state. [...] and Türkiye and the reasons for the persistence of the relationship in terms of the convergence and divergence of their perceived threats to national security. [...] For the analytical framework the paper applied the paradigm for the concept of national security consisting of five integrated variables: the nation’s military and economic capabilities; the availability of essential natural resources, especially in this case, energy supplies; the legitimacy of the regime and the tolerance within its society for religious and ethnic diversity, and in Türkiye’s cas. [...] The most divisive of these of all the issues straining the relationship proves to be the divergence of perceptions concerning the threats to Türkiye from the Kurds, particularly Syrian Kurds, which the US uses to counter ISIL and deter Iranian aggression.