The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of the English for Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) Student Service Learning (SSL) Club on academic and non-academic outcomes for students receiving ESOL services during 2012-2013 in six high schools in Montgomery County (Maryland) Public Schools (MCPS). The ESOL SSL Club convenes regularly outside the students' instructional day. Four high schools partnered with Montgomery College--Takoma Park/Silver Spring (MC-TP/SS): Montgomery Blair, Springbrook, John F. Kennedy, and Northwood; one high school partnered with the City of Gaithersburg (Gaithersburg); and another partnered with Rotary International (Watkins Mill). As part of the regular club meetings, participating students were led by adult facilitators to identify needs in the community and address them through service-learning opportunities. There were 346 students who participated in ESOL SSL Clubs in 2012-2013. The objectives of the ESOL SSL Club are to--(1) increase the number of SSL hours earned toward the graduation requirement; (2) promote school attendance; (3) increase grade point average (GPA) and raise course grades; (4) increase passing rates on high school assessments (HSAs); (5) increase literacy skills; (6) increase engagement in community activities; (7) increase engagement in school activities; and (8) increase understanding of college and career expectations. In order to estimate the impact of the ESOL SSL Club on specified academic and non-academic outcomes, this study used a multi-method four-part data collection design. Student-level records of club participation/engagement in community activities documented by club staff at each school, club advisor interviews, ESOL student survey, and a variety of data from MCPS official records were used to address the following two questions: (1) Did participation in the ESOL SSL Club contribute to a significant difference in: a) the number of SSL hours earned toward graduation, b) the average attendance, c) GPA and passing rates in identified courses, d) eligibility rates, e) grade-level promotion, f) percentage of students passing HSAs, and g) literacy skills between ESOL SSL Club participants and ESOL students who did not participate in the club? and (2) Did participation in the ESOL SSL Club contribute to an increase in: a) level of engagement in community activities, b) level of engagement in school activities, and c) student understanding of college expectations? To address the first evaluation question, multivariate analyses were used to compare academic outcomes of students in the ESOL SSL Club (n = 346) with non-club peers (n = 346). To address the second evaluation question, comparisons of survey responses for students in the club and non-club peers were conducted to determine if there were any differences in college expectations and in engagement in school and community activities between the two groups. Following a review of literature, the study methodology, results, and recommendations based on the study findings are described. Five appendices are included: (1) Student Service Learning Implementation Plan; (2) Demographic Compositions of Students in the Six High Schools; (3) Demographic Compositions of Students in the Six High Schools; (4) ESOL Student Service Learning Activities as Described by Schools; and (5) Selected Verbatim Comments from Club Advisors Interviews.
Authors
- Authorizing Institution
- Montgomery County Public Schools (MCPS), Office of Shared Accountability
- Education Level
- ['High Schools', 'Secondary Education', 'Grade 9', 'Junior High Schools', 'Middle Schools']
- Location
- Maryland
- Peer Reviewed
- F
- Publication Type
- Reports - Research
- Published in
- United States of America
Table of Contents
- Nyambura Susan Maina Ph.D. Trisha McGaughey M.Ed. 1
- OFFICE OF SHARED ACCOUNTABILITY 2
- Mr. Geoffrey T. Sanderson Associate Superintendent 2
- 850 Hungerford Drive 2
- Rockville Maryland 20850 2
- Dr. Joshua P. Starr Dr. Kimberly A. Statham 2
- Table of Contents 3
- List of Tables 5
- List of Figures 7
- Executive Summary 9
- Summary of Findings 10
- Evaluation Question 1 10
- . SSL Hours Earned Toward the Graduation Requirement 10
- School Attendance 10
- Grade Point Average 10
- Performance on Mathematics and Reading Courses Taken in 20122013 11
- Academic Eligibility 11
- Grade AdvancementPromotionRecord of Continued Education 11
- HSA Taken During the 20122013 School Year 11
- Literacy Skills 12
- Evaluation Question 2 12
- Connection to Community 12
- Engagement in School Activities 13
- Exploring College and Career Options 13
- Overview KnowledgeUnderstanding About Expectations for College 14
- Recommendations 14
- Supporting the Academic Excellence Engagement and College Readiness of High School ESOL Students Through ESOL Student Serving Learning Clubs 16
- Nyambura Susan Maina Ph.D. Trisha A. McGaughey M.Ed. Julie Wade M.A. 16
- Background 16
- Student Service Learning Program in MCPS 16
- School Courses 16
- School Clubs 16
- Community Organizations and Opportunities 16
- Goals of the ESOL SSL Program 17
- ESOL SSL Club as Targeted Support Connection to the Strategic Planning Framework 17
- Academic Excellence 17
- Creative Problem Solving 17
- Social Emotional Learning 17
- MCPS Community Partnerships and ESOL SSL Club 19
- Methods of InterventionSupport 19
- ESOL SSL Club Staff Characteristics 20
- Review of Literature 20
- Relationship Between Service Learning and Academic Achievement 20
- Nature of service learning opportunities matters Participation in SSL and academic gains Benefit from information about college 20
- Review of MCPS Studies Related to the ESOL SSL Club 21
- Methods 21
- Purpose of Study 21
- Evaluation Questions 21
- Study Design 22
- Study Sample 22
- Treatment group 22
- Comparison group 22
- Study Measures 22
- Instruments and Data Sources 23
- Analysis Procedures 24
- Evaluation Question 1 24
- Evaluation Question 2 25
- Results 26
- Demographic Characteristics of ESOL Students 26
- Description of Analytic Samples 27
- Table 1 27
- Demographic Characteristics of ESOL Students in Six High Schools with ESOL SSL Clubs 27
- Evaluation Question 1 28
- Table 2 28
- Demographic Characteristics of ESOL Students in Analytic Groups 28
- Table 3 29
- Adjusted Mean Number of SSL Hours Earned During School Year 20122013 29
- Table 4 29
- Percentage of Students With Completed SSL Requirement by End of School Year 20122013 29
- ESOL SSL Club Members and Non-Club Comparison Group 29
- Table 5 30
- Percentage of Days Attending School During School Year 20122013 30
- ESOL SSL Club Members and Non-Club Comparison Group 30
- GPA and Passing Rates in Identified Courses 31
- Table 6 31
- End-of-Year Grade Point Average GPA 31
- ESOL SSL Club Members and Non-Club Comparison Group 31
- Table 7 32
- Percentage of Students Earning a C or Better in Semester 1 and 2 Mathematics and Language Courses 32
- ESOL SSL Club Members and Non-Club Comparison Group 32
- Table 8 33
- Percentage of Students With Eligible Status in Fourth Marking Period 33
- Table 9 33
- Percentage of Students Promoted to the Next Grade Level at the End of School Year 20122013 33
- ESOL SSL Club Members and Non-Club Comparison Group 33
- Table 10 34
- Percentage of Students Passing HSAs During School Year 20122013 34
- ESOL SSL Club Members and Non-Club Comparison Group 34
- Table 11 35
- Estimated Marginal Mean Difference of Change from 2012 to 2013 and 35
- Effect Size for ACCESS for ELL Scores 35
- Summary of Findings Related to Evaluation Question 1 35
- Evaluation Question 2 36
- Characteristics of Survey Respondents 36
- Table 12 36
- Description of Characteristics of Survey Respondents 36
- Club Participation and Student Engagement in the Community 38
- Table 13 38
- ESOL SSL Club Participants Club Activities and SSL Hours Reported by School 38
- Table 14 39
- How Students Heard about ESOL SSL Club for ESOL SSL Club and Non-club Peers 39
- Club Participation and Student Engagement in School Activities 39
- Table 15 40
- Number and Percent of Students Indicating Participation in School Sponsored Activities 40
- Exploring College and Career Options 41
- Table 17 45
- Number and Percent Reporting Actions They Took to Prepare and Plan for College 45
- Table 18 46
- Number and Percent of ESOL Students Reporting Frequency of Discussions About College 46
- Table 19 47
- Number and Percent of ESOL Students Indicating Level of Agreement 47
- With Statements about Plans After High School 47
- Students Experience in ESOL SSL Club 47
- Table 20 47
- Reasons for Joining the ESOL SSL Club as Reported by Survey Respondents 47
- Table 21 48
- Number and Percent Indicating Ways They Benefited from Participating in the ESOL SSL Club 48
- Table 22 49
- What Students Liked About the ESOL SSL Club 49
- Table 23 49
- What Students Learned in ESOL SSL Club 49
- Table 24 50
- What Students Want to AddChange About ESOL SSL Club 50
- ESOL SSL Club Sponsor Interviews 50
- Summary of Findings Related to Evaluation Question 2 52
- DiscussionSummary 52
- Recommendations 53
- Strengths and Limitations Associated with the Design and Methods Used in the Study 54
- Strengths 54
- Limitations 54
- Acknowledgements 55
- References 56
- Appendix A 58
- Student Service Learning Implementation Plan 58
- Appendix B 59
- Best Practices of Student Service Learning 59
- Appendix C 60
- Demographic Compositions of Students in the Six High Schools 60
- Table C1 60
- Demographic Composition of Students in the Six High Schools 60
- Appendix D 61
- Demographic Characteristics of ESOL Students in the Six High School SSL Club 61
- Table D1 61
- Demographic Characteristics of ESOL Students in the Six High School SSL Club 61
- Appendix E 62
- ESOL Student Service Learning Activities as Described by Schools 62
- Table E1 62
- Description of ESOL SSL Club Activities Through Which Students Earned SSL Hours by School 62
- Table E1 63
- Description of ESOL SSL Club Activities Through Which Students Earned SSL Hours by School 63
- Additional Activities Documented for Blair HS Students N 92 63
- Additional Activities Documented for Kennedy HS Students N 52 64
- Additional Activities Documented Northwood HS Students N 62 64
- Additional Documented for Gaithersburg HS Students N 148 64
- Table E2 65
- Number and Percent of Respondents Indicating When They First Decided to Go to College 65
- Table E3 65
- Actions Students Have Taken to Prepare and Plan for College by Grade 65
- Appendix F 66
- Selected Verbatim Comments from Club Advisors Interviews 66
- Table F1 66
- Verbatim Examples of Student Learning 66
- Table F2 66
- Verbatim Examples of Relationship Building 66
- Table F2 67
- Verbatim Examples of Relationship Building 67
- Table F3 67
- Verbatim Examples of Agencies and Individuals Who Contributed to Success of ESOL SSL Club 67
- Table F4 67
- Suggestions for Enhancing the ESOL SSL Club 67