Costs and Benefits of Low-Carbon Economy and Society Transformation in Russia. 2050 Perspective

In 2010, 35% of GHGs emission was observed in the energy sector, 24% in the land use and land use change, 21% in industry, 14% in transport, and 6% in buildings. [...] These are the findings formulated in the th Summary for policy makers prepared by the Working Group III in the framework of 5 4 Assessment Report of the IPCC. [...] The study was accomplished by the Center for Energy Efficiency (CENEf), the Institute for Economic Forecasting of the Russian Academy of Science, Energy Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Science, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy (IEP), and Massachusetts Technology Institute (The MIT Joint Program on the Scie. [...] The risks related to the dominating role of economic regulation against the background of passive business community and so to the dominating role of the state in the economy are preserved. [...] “vigorous measures” measures aiming at a profound reduction in GHG emissions in relation to the baseline and sustaining the emission at a level at least 50% below the 1990 level, including electrification of automobile transport and substantial growth in hybrid car park; transition to a larger-scale construction of passive buildings; deployment of carbon capture and storage in the electricity and.