科学技術指標2019_概要_英語版/Digest of Japanese Science and Technology Indicators 2019

With regard to the R&D expenditure of the business enterprises sector by industry in the most recent year, the following industries have undertaken large-scale expenditure in the respective countries: the “information and communication industry” in the United States, the “motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers and other transport equipment industry” in Japan and Germany, the “professional, sci. [...] As for the fields of specialization of researchers in each industry classification, the number of researchers specializing in the “mechanical engineering, shipbuilding & aeronautical engineering” field is large in the “transportation equipment manufacturing industry,” which holds the largest number of researchers in the manufacturing industry. [...] In the “information & communication electronics equipment manufacturing industry,” a large number of researchers specialize in the field of “electrical engineering & telecommunications engineering.” Meanwhile, in the non-manufacturing industry, the number of researchers specializing in the field of “information science” is large in the “information & communication industry.” The number of research. [...] In the case of France and the United Kingdom, the proportion is the largest in the “non-profit institutions” sector, although the number of researchers itself is small in this sector. [...] In all of these countries, the rate of product innovation realization in the service industry is below “1” and the rate is smaller than that in the “manufacturing industry.” However, the rate of product innovation realization by the “information and communication service industry” is higher than the manufacturing industry’s rate, showing that the “information and communication service industry” ha.