Therapeutic interventions for the prodromal stages of dementia are currently being sought with a view to delaying if not preventing disease onset. Uncertainty as to whether cognitive disorder in a given individual will progress towards dementia and adverse drug side effects has led to hesitancy on the part of drug regulators to instigate preventive pharmacotherapies. In this context, antioxidant therapies may provide a low-risk alternative, targeting very early biological changes. While a growing body of knowledge demonstrates both the importance of oxidative stress in the aetiology of dementia and the efficacy of antioxidant treatment in animal and cellular models, studies in humans are presently inconclusive. While some antioxidants, notably flavonoid- or vitamin-rich diets, appear to lower the relative risk for Alzheimer's disease in humans in observational studies, these results must be interpreted in the light of the biological complexity of the relationship between oxidative stress and neurodegeneration, and the methodological and theoretical shortcomings of studies conducted to date. A clearer understanding of these factors will assist in the interpretation of the results of the intervention studies which are now being undertaken; these studies being the only current means of establishing efficacy for preventive drug treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Authors
- Bibliographic Reference
- Marie-Laure Ancelin, Yves Christen, Karen A. Ritchie. Is antioxidant therapy a viable alternative for mild cognitive impairment? Examination of the evidence.: Antioxidant therapy and cognitive decline. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 2007, 24 (1), pp.1-19. ⟨10.1159/000102567⟩. ⟨inserm-00169500⟩
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1159/000102567
- HAL Collection
- ['INSERM - Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale', 'Université Montpellier I', "Santé Publique à l'Inserm", 'Neuropsychiatrie- Recherche épidémiologique et clinique (U1061)', 'Université de Montpellier', 'Biologie-Santé', 'Université Montpellier 1 - Université Montpellier 2', 'Université de Montpellier (2015-2021)']
- HAL Identifier
- 169500
- Institution
- ['Université Montpellier 1', 'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale', 'Université de Montpellier', 'IPSEN']
- Laboratory
- ['Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique', 'Ipsen [Boulogne Billancourt]']
- Published in
- France
Table of Contents
- Short title 2
- Key Words 2
- Ginkgo biloba 2
- Abstract 2
- Introduction 3
- Oxidative stress and neurodegeneration 3
- Caenorhabditis elegans 3
- Biological markers 4
- Table 1 5
- A Critique of the biological arguments 6
- Ginkgo biloba 7
- Gingko biloba 7
- G Biloba 8
- Clinical trials 9
- G biloba 10
- Shortcomings in previous studies 10
- Design of epidemiological studies and RCTs and related outcomes 14
- Current intervention studies 16
- Biloba 17
- Critical comments relating to antioxidant effects 17
- G biloba 17
- G biloba 18
- Gingko 19
- Competing interest 19
- References 20
- Ginkgo biloba 31