Gas and Petroleum Market Structure and Pricing - Edited by Afia Malik

The supply chain of both petroleum and gas consists of a number of activities connected with the flow of goods and services from the raw material stage till the final product reaches the consumer. [...] Over the years, the country has seen a change in its energy mix from the dominance of oil in the 1990s to 3 the dominance of gas until FY2015. [...] Producer Gas Prices The cost of gas (that is producer gas price)—bulk of the revenue requirement is indexed to the international prices of crude oil (in the form of S-curve, specifying floor and ceiling according to the Gas Pricing Agreements between GOP and gas producers. [...] In the beginning, the benchmark was 66 percent of the Cost, Insurance and Freight (CIF) price of fuel oil, with discounts (which were negotiated between the producer and the government) for the geological and other conditions of the area. [...] In the late 1990s, first the GOP the gas price to a percent of the international price of crude oil.