cover image: 202 - ERF W 4 P s - Female Headship and Poverty

20.500.12592/ijxbovx

202 - ERF W 4 P s - Female Headship and Poverty

3 Sep 2024

For Egypt, we use the Household Income, Expenditure and Consumption Surveys (HIECs) for 2012-2013, 2015, 2017-2018, and 2019-2020; for Iraq, the Household Socio- Economic Survey (IHSESs) for 2007 and 2012; for Jordan the Household Expenditure and Income Surveys (HIESs) for 2010-2011 and 2013-2014; for Mauritania, the Permanent Survey of Living Conditions of Households (EPCVs) for 2004, 2008, 2014,. [...] The smaller 𝛼 is, the smaller the relative weight of children; the higher is 𝛿, the smaller the degree of economies of scale assumed.14 We construct several different AEE levels for each household based on this method, using different values for the weight of children (𝛼) and degree of economies of scale (𝛿) and show the results in Figure D.1, Appendix D. [...] This contrasts with self-reported FHHs (green lines) and potential FHHs, which predominantly have less poverty than the whole population for almost all the country-year observations.17 For each country, Figure 3 and Figure 4 present the poverty differences between FHHs and non- FHHs for the four main FHH types respectively by year and by the number of children (age 0-14). [...] Cross-sectional poverty Table 2 provides the estimation results for the associations between four main FHH types and poverty (𝛾ℎ in Equation (1)), without and with the household employment, demographic characteristics and residence-area variables shown respectively in the first four columns and the second four columns (Appendix A, Table A.10 offers the full results). [...] Conclusions and policy implications The dramatic events of the Arab Spring and the following decade of structural reforms and sectoral developments inter alia have brought to the fore the importance of better understanding gender inequalities.

Authors

Shireen AlAzzawi

Pages
88
Published in
Egypt

Table of Contents