Authors
Silberglitt, Richard, Charan, Sophia, Allendorf, Emily, Villalobos, Fabian, Yoshiara, Elisa, Tariq, Zohan Hasan, Caulkins, Jo
Organizations mentioned
- Division
- RAND National Security Research Division International Security and Defense Policy Program
- Pages
- 93
- Published in
- United States
- RAND Identifier
- RR-A2914-1
- RAND Type
- report
- Rights
- RAND Corporation
- Series
- Research Reports
- Source
- https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RRA2914-1.html
Table of Contents
- From Mines to Markets in the Middle East and Central Asia 1
- About This Report 3
- RAND National Security Research Division 3
- Acknowledgments 3
- Summary 5
- Key Findings 6
- Recommendations 6
- Contents 8
- Figures and Tables 9
- Figures 9
- Tables 9
- Chapter 1. Introduction 11
- Critical Minerals National Security and U.S. Central Command 13
- The Mineral Interests of Countries in the Middle East and Central and South Asia 13
- Risk in the U.S. Central Command Area of Responsibility 14
- Scope 17
- Approach 17
- Chapter 2. Country-Level Extraction Processing Reserves and Resources 19
- Chapter 3. Regional Trade Analysis and Foreign Dependencies 26
- U.S. Central Command Area of Responsibility Critical Mineral Imports 26
- Intra-Regional Import Dependence 28
- The U.S. Central Command Area of Responsibilitys Import Dependence on China and Russia 32
- U.S. Central Command Area of Responsibility Critical Mineral Exports 33
- Import Dependency of the United States China and Russia on the AORs Exports 34
- Industry Case Studies 35
- Chapter 4. Critical Minerals Requirements for Energy Transition 44
- The Economic Dependence of the U.S. Central Command Area of Responsibility on Fossil Fuels 44
- Energy Transition Plans for Countries in the U.S. Central Command Area of Responsibility 47
- Mineral Requirements for Countries Climate Action Plans 51
- Import Dependencies of Minerals Critical for the Clean Energy Transition 53
- Chapter 5. Key Findings and Conclusions 58
- Key Findings 58
- Mineral Resources Production and Processing in the Region 58
- Trade Import Reliance and Potential Supply Chain Vulnerabilities Within the U.S. Central Command Area of Responsibility 59
- Dependencies and Interests of Strategic Countries 60
- Clean Energy Demand and Dependencies 60
- Conclusion and Recommendations 61
- Regional Opportunities 62
- Appendix A. Calculation of Import Reliance 64
- Appendix B. Crosswalk of Critical Minerals with Their Commodity Names 66
- Appendix C. Countries That Import a Critical Mineral from at Least Five Exporters 68
- Appendix D. Changes in Fossil Fuel Exports from the U.S. Central Command Area of Responsibility 70
- Appendix E. Country Climate Action Plans 72
- Afghanistan 72
- Bahrain 73
- Egypt 73
- Iran 73
- Iraq 74
- Israel 74
- Jordan 75
- Kazakhstan 75
- Kuwait 75
- Kyrgyz Republic 76
- Lebanon 76
- Oman 77
- Pakistan 77
- Qatar 77
- Saudi Arabia 78
- Syria 78
- Tajikistan 79
- Turkmenistan 79
- United Arab Emirates 79
- Uzbekistan 80
- Yemen 80
- Appendix F. 2022 U.S. Critical Minerals List 81
- Selected Military Applications of Critical Minerals 82
- A Note on Dual-Use Technologies 82
- Abbreviations 85
- References 86