©2024 Asian Productivity Organization

In addition to the productiv- ity account in each economy, the regional growth accounts are developed in APO-PDB 2024 for eight economy groups: the ASEAN6, the APO21, Asia25, CLMV, East Asia, the IPEF, the RCEP, and South Asia.2 In developing the regional productivity accounts, consideration is given to the price differentials among economies on outputs and capital and labor inputs. [...] The vertical axis shows the changes in economic growth during the damage phase from 2019 to 2020 and the recovery phase from 2020 to 2022, defined as the differences from the pre-pandemic average from 2015 to 2019, and the horizontal axis gives the estimated excess deaths per thousand in 2020 and 2021. [...] The tail of the arrow gives the growth gap during the damage phase and the tip of the arrow gives the growth gap in the recovery phase. [...] They define the RUEC as the share of national final energy cost in GDP, and Figure 2.7 compares the RUEC of seven countries (excluding Italy, which is in the revision process) from the first quarter of 2015 to the first quarter of 2024 and gives a forecast for the fourth quarter of 2024. [...] This is measured as the ratio of the PPP for GDP to the market exchange rate (footnote 27), where the PPP is based on the 2017 round of the ICP (World Bank 2020).30 The figure gives the PLI for 2017 (marked with circles) and 2022 (vertical bars).