DEEPFAKES AND CHEAP FAKES - Britt Paris Joan Donovan

Locating deepfakes and cheap fakes in the longer history of the politics of evidence allows us to see: • decisions over what counts as “evidence” have historically been a crucial tool in defending the privilege of the already powerful; • the violence of AV manipulation can only be addressed by a combination of technical and social solutions; • public agency over these technologies cannot be realiz. [...] While some are fascinated by the expressive possibilities of these technologies, others see dire consequences in the ability to put words and actions in the mouths and bodies of others. [...] From left to right, the technical sophistication manipulation rely on different software, some of which is cheap to run, free to CHEAP FAKES of the production of fakes decreases, and the wider public’s ability to produce download, and easy to use. [...] By misidentifying the time and events of the video, manipulators used it to support false claims of child kidnapping and motivated violence in rural India.24 These types of staging and re-contextualizing are possible for nearly anyone to reproduce, and technical forensic differences are even harder to detect, because there are no pixels out of order.25 Regardless of where a particular example rest. [...] 42 Pinch and Bijker, “The Social Construction of Facts and Artefacts.” DEEPFAKES AND CHEAP FAKES - 23 - “When that expert interpreter works in service of the powerful, power is consolidated, regardless of what “reality” is captured in media.” CHEAP FAKES ON SOCIAL MEDIA Today, social media is experiencing a sped-up version of the cycles of hype, panic, and closure that still and moving images went.