Impacts of COVID-19 Temporary Trade Measures on Viet Nam’s Trade Efficiency with RCEP’s Partners

Table of Contents

• ADBI Working Paper Series 1
• Abstract Keywords JEL Classification 3
• Contents 4
• 1. INTRODUCTION 5
• Figure 1 COVID-19 Temporary Trade Measures in RCEP 6
• 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 6
• 3. METHODOLOGY AND DATA DESCRIPTION 8
• 3.1 Stochastic Frontier Gravity Model 8
• 𝑙𝑛𝑒𝑥𝑝 8
• 𝛽 𝛽 𝑙𝑛𝐺𝐷𝑃 8
• 𝛽 𝑙𝑛𝐺𝐷𝑃 8
• 𝛽 𝑙𝑛𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡 𝛽 𝑙𝑛𝐺𝐷𝑃𝑃𝐶 8
• 𝛽 𝑙𝑛𝐺𝐷𝑃𝑃𝐶 8
• 𝛽 𝑙𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑓 8
• 𝛽 𝑛𝑡𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑 8
• 𝛽 𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝 𝛽 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑔 8
• 𝛽 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑙 8
• 𝑙𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑝 8
• 𝛽 𝛽 𝑙𝑛𝐺𝐷𝑃 8
• 𝛽 𝑙𝑛𝐺𝐷𝑃 8
• 𝛽 𝑙𝑛𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡 𝛽 𝑙𝑛𝐺𝐷𝑃𝑃𝐶 8
• 𝛽 𝑙𝑛𝐺𝐷𝑃𝑃𝐶 8
• 𝛽 𝑙𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑓 8
• 𝛽 𝑛𝑡𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑 8
• 𝛽 𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝 𝛽 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑔 8
• 𝛽 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑙 8
• 𝑒𝑥𝑝 8
• 𝑖𝑚𝑝 8
• 𝐺𝐷𝑃 8
• 𝐺𝐷𝑃𝑃𝐶 8
• 𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑓 8
• 𝑛𝑡𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑 8
• 𝑙𝑛𝑒𝑥𝑝 9
• 𝛽 𝛽 𝑙𝑛𝐺𝐷𝑃 9
• 𝛽 𝑙𝑛𝐺𝐷𝑃 9
• 𝛽 𝑙𝑛𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡 𝛽 𝑙𝑛𝐺𝐷𝑃𝑃𝐶 9
• 𝛽 𝑙𝑛𝐺𝐷𝑃𝑃𝐶 9
• 𝛽 𝑙𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑓 9
• 𝛽 𝑛𝑡𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑 9
• 𝛽 𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝 𝛽 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑔 9
• 𝛽 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑙 𝑣 9
• 𝑙𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑝 9
• 𝛽 𝛽 𝑙𝑛𝐺𝐷𝑃 9
• 𝛽 𝑙𝑛𝐺𝐷𝑃 9
• 𝛽 𝑙𝑛𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡 𝛽 𝑙𝑛𝐺𝐷𝑃𝑃𝐶 9
• 𝛽 𝑙𝑛𝐺𝐷𝑃𝑃𝐶 9
• 𝛽 𝑙𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑓 9
• 𝛽 𝑛𝑡𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑 9
• 𝛽 𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝 𝛽 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑔 9
• 𝛽 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑙 𝑣 9
• 𝛽 𝛽 𝑙𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑓 9
• 𝛽 𝑛𝑡𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑 9
• 𝛽 𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝 9
• 3.2 Data Descriptions 9
• Table 2 Descriptive Statistics 10
• 3.3 Variable Correlation Analysis 10
• Table 3 Variable Correlation Analysis 11
• 4. ESTIMATION RESULTS 12
• 4.1 Impacts of COVID-19 Temporary Trade Measures 12
• Table 4 Estimation Stochastic Frontier Gravity Model SFGM 13
• 4.2 Robustness Test 13
• Table 5 Robustness Check in Time-variant Model and Time-invariant Model 14
• 4.3 Estimation of the Effect of COVID-19 Temporary Trade 15
• Measures by Specific Types 15
• 4.4 Trade Efficiency Across Countries and Products 15
• Table 6 Stochastic Frontier Gravity Model of Trade Measures by Types 16
• Table 7 Bilateral Trade Efficiency by RCEP Partner 17
• Table 8 Top 10 Sectors HS2-digit Export Efficiency and Import Efficiency 18
• 5. CONCLUSION AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS 18
• REFERENCES 20
• ANNEX 1 COVID-19 TEMPORARY MEASURES BY CHAPTERS 22
• ANNEX 2 INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF NON-TARIFF MEASURES BY UNCTAD 2019 VERSION 23