cover image: European Maritime Safety Agency - SOUNDS: STATUS OF UNDERWATER NOISE FROM SHIPPING

20.500.12592/dznd29

European Maritime Safety Agency - SOUNDS: STATUS OF UNDERWATER NOISE FROM SHIPPING

1 Oct 2021

Although most of the studies evidence responses to underwater noise from shipping, few of them provide a proper description of the source levels or the received levels at which the responses were observed. [...] At the same time, there is the need to keep working on understanding the impact of underwater noise from shipping and what are the main drivers. [...] In this context, “continuous” noise levels are the primary driver of this increase, and hence are the focus of the majority of studies on the subject (including this one). [...] Appendix D Summary of members represented in the ECHO Program: List of members of the Advisory Working Group, Vessel Operators Committee and Acoustic Technical Committee of the ECHO Program Appendix E Glossary of acoustic terminology: definition of some of the main terms referred to in the study. [...] One of the main contributors to the propagation loss at low frequencies is the Lloyd’s mirror effect, which refers to the interference pattern caused by the sum of sound received directly, and that reflected by the sea surface.

Authors

DJAVIDNIA Samuel (EMSA)

Pages
103
Published in
Portugal