PRICES AND COSTS OF EU ENERGY - Final Report

The total effect of the taxes and levies component on energy retail prices depends on the energy carrier, the energy use and the consumer group. [...] The vertical lines below and above the boxes show the minimum and maximum values of the components, the boxes represent the range between the 25th - 75th percentiles, the line in the boxes show the median. [...] • While the monthly averages of LNG prices in Spain strongly correlate with those in France, and the LNG prices in Belgium strongly correlate with those in the UK in 2010 – 2015, the correlation between the former and the latter is somewhat lower. [...] In 2014 and 2015, the wholesale prices of natural gas and LNG in the EU and the Asia-Pacific region have converged parallel to the decline of the crude oil price. [...] In 2014 and 2015, the wholesale prices in Japan stayed at significantly higher levels than in the EU in spite of the relaxation, though the price spread strongly reduced after the end of the complete nuclear shutdown in Japan.