Disclaimer The designations employed in ILO and WTO publications, which are in conformity with United Nations practice, and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the International Labour Offi ce or the World Trade Organization concerning the legal status of any country, area or territory or of its authorities, or concerning the de. [...] GLOBALIZATION AND INFORMAL JOBS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES 7 Foreword This study is a product of the collaborative research programme of the International Institute for Labour Studies at the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the Secretariat of the World Trade Organization (WTO). [...] One approach has been to seek the integration of a number of labour standards into international trade agreements, in particular the core labour standards as defi ned by the ILO Declaration of 1998 – such as the freedom of association and the effective recognition of the right to collective bargaining; the elimination of all forms of forced or compulsory labour; the effective abolition of child la. [...] The objective of the following chapters will be to present the available literature and develop an analysis to corroborate more fi rmly the linkages between the degree of economic openness in developing countries and the vulnerability of their labour markets. [...] In Indonesia, between 1997 and 2003 the labour market was characterized by a reduction in the formal sector and an increase in the informal sector as a result of increases in the number of self-employed and unpaid family workers.