Vet Res 40:43 • MERS‐CoV: 56.1% of the positive cases aroused between April to August, & the viability of the virus was favored by high temperature, high ultraviolet index, low wind speed, and low relative humidity • Altamimi A, Ahmed AE (2019). [...] (2014) Int J Circumpolar Health 73 25163 25163 Impact on Influenza epidemics • Spread of Flu from one continent to another is linked with climate‐driven changes. • In case of H5N1 transmission, it was found that climatic factors (like temperature, relative humidity, & wind speed) changed the migration patterns in migratory birds which increased avian flu outbreaks in some regions in Egypt. [...] Infect Ecol Epidemiol 9 1575687 Impact of Heat stress on viral genome • Sequencing revealed that thermotolerance occurred via a key mutation in gene P5 (viral lysis protein), previously shown to be associated with heat shock survival in the virus. • robust populations adapted faster to the environmental change, and more easily accessed mutations of large benefit. • ….genetic robustness can pl. [...] • Slums in the cities/peri‐urban areas have become COVID hotspots in many countries and have become major areas for the spread of SARS2in big cities Air pollution impact on Covid19 • Cities with high air pollution levels are more affected with COVID19 cases and deaths • Indoor air pollution aggravates the severity of COVID‐19. • A slight increase of 1 μg/m3 in PM2.5 can result in 8% incremen. [...] YhxLmDhBzIW Conclusions • 75% of emerging viral diseases in humans are from animal origin • Human pressure on the environment intensifies exposure of wildlife to human • Spread of diseases is accelerated through globalization/urbanization • What can we do ? • Early warning and action –> preparedness, cooperation • Limit wildlife–human interface market/ trade/ bushmeat–> balance between prohibitio.
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