China as "Empire": Perceptions of the Tributary System and the Boundaries of China in the Twentieth

Even so, China did not really make any essential changes to its foreign-relations framework until the launch of the New Policies during the final years of the Qing Dynasty and the birth of the Republic, including the creation of a Foreign Office, after the signing of the Boxer Protocol in 1901. [...] The dynasties that possessed the greatest territory were the Han, the Tang, and the Yuan, and of these, the Yuan was the peak. [...] 8 The Japan Institute of International Affairs / Resource Library China as “Empire”: Perceptions of the Tributary System and the Boundaries of China in the Twentieth Century China as “Empire”: Perceptions of the Tributary System and the Boundaries of China in the Twentieth Century encouraging Greater Asianism to curry favor with imperialism. [...] 10 The Japan Institute of International Affairs / Resource Library China as “Empire”: Perceptions of the Tributary System and the Boundaries of China in the Twentieth Century China as “Empire”: Perceptions of the Tributary System and the Boundaries of China in the Twentieth Century Ryukyu Issue formulated by Zhang Tingzheng at the Republic’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs in June 1947, the following. [...] Article 2 of the law includes a passage which says, “The land territory of the People’s Republic of China includes … Taiwan and all islands appertaining thereto including the Diaoyu Islands; the Penghu Islands; the Dongsha Islands; the Xisha Islands; the Zhongsha Islands and the Nansha Islands; as well as all the other islands belonging to the People’s Republic of China.” Unlike the ROC, the Peopl.