What does it take to achieve net zero? - Opportunities and barriers in the steel,

By 2030, improvements in material efficiency need to be in place, and standards and codes need to have been developed to allow for the use of innovative materials and the establishment of up- and downstream partnerships that distribute both the costs and benefits of decarbonisation. [...] These numbers need to be considered against the backdrop of strong evidence that the land sector (agriculture and forestry) offers one of the largest solutions to climate change, due both to the potential to reduce emissions from land use practices, and to the ability to sequester carbon in trees and soil (Girardin et al. [...] 3.4 Barriers to reducing emissions Reducing emissions from food systems is profoundly challenging, given the fundamental importance of agriculture to human well-being and socio-cultural values, the rising demand due to population growth and increasing per capita consumption, and the emissions intensity of increased yields, national security and geostrategic interests, and the impacts of climate ch. [...] In sum, the social impacts of any transition in the agricultural sector have the potential to be orders of magnitude greater than in other sectors, and extreme caution is needed to ensure that any emission reduction pathway accounts for these trade-offs and includes a package of necessary social and economic mitigation and compensation measures. [...] As outlined in the discussion above, the scale and complexity of the agricultural sector and its fundamental importance for the livelihoods and food security of billions of people makes it immensely challenging to introduce wholesale changes on the ground.