UNDERSTANDING CCS STORAGE INTRODUCTION

UNDERSTANDING CCS STORAGE INTRODUCTION Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a proven The injection and storage of CO2 is the final stage in technology suite and a vital part of reaching net-zero the CCS process and has been working safely and emissions by 2050, playing a role alongside other effectively for over 50 years. [...] associated with the following characteristics: The world’s leading scientists and experts also Pores - millimetre-sized voids that provide the agree that the storage of CO in geologic formations capacity to store the CO2. [...] Because In the unlikely event of a CO2 leak, there are decades injected CO2 is slightly more buoyant than the of experience to detect and then remediate a CO2 salty water that exists naturally within the storage leak. [...] Techniques and technologies adopted from formation, a portion of the CO2 will migrate to the the oil and gas industry include emergency shut- top of the formation and become structurally trapped down procedures and well re-completion and re- beneath the impermeable cap rock that acts as a cementing. [...] HOW MUCH CO2 CAN BE STORED Over time, a large portion of the trapped CO2 will UNDERGROUND? dissolve into the saline water naturally present in the storage formation and become trapped indefinitely (called solution trapping); another portion is trapped There is more underground storage resource than in the pore spaces of the storage formation (referred is needed to meet climate targets.