ChineseExpectationsforBiotechnology AndCognitiveEnhancementinFutureWarfare LarryWortzel September2022 MWIReport,series2022,no.1

SOMS is regarded the PLA’s major strategy document on the concepts of war and strategy and is based on Chinese understandings of the laws of war, strategy, history, and “Marxist scientific concepts of the laws of war.”4 In terms of purpose and substance, the closest equivalent among US military publications might be Joint Doctrine Note 2-19: Strategy.5 Both SOMS and The New High Ground for War wer. [...] While the PLA, the State Council, and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs maintain that they observe and uphold the BWTC and will not engage in the use of biological agents in war, CCP periodicals nonetheless charge that the United States may already be working on biological agents or human capabilities enhancement.21 In 2021, a Chinese foreign ministry spokesperson asked “why is the [United States] b. [...] This is quite common in Chinese Communist Party web censorship.) See also, “Joint Statement of the Foreign Ministers of the People’s Republic of China and Russia on Strengthening the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on their Destruction.” Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the PRC, October 27, 2021. [...] Doing so, according to the article, allows for the establishment and control of psychological superiority in warfare, the core concept of which is to “seek the loss or reduction of the decision-making ability and will to resist of the enemy” while improving these cognitive factors in one’s own forces.53 Another article builds on the PLA’s study of US Air Force Colonel John Boyd’s ideas about the “. [...] The PLA call for grasping “the relationship between intelligent weaponry and current weaponry construction” and to aim at “disruptive and extraordinary measures and paths” to realize the opportunities in developing an ‘intelligentized’ military.64 The 2017 edition of SOMS closes its section on biotechnology and warfare with a discussion of why the PLA should “seize the commanding heights in the bi.