acknowLedgements The authors wish to thank the staff of the Climate Modelling Laboratory in the School of Earth and Ocean Sciences at the University of Victoria, and in particular Dr. [...] Any errors and the opinions contained in this paper are those of the authors, and do not necessarily reflect the views of the CCPA or the partners or funders of this project. [...] Simply put, we need huge reductions in our use of hydrocarbon fuels, massive efficiency increases in the use of hydrocar- bons we continue to consume, the removal and sequestration of the carbon in these fuels and their combustion products, minimization of GHG emissions from forests and soils, a transition to generating power from renewable sources, a significant reduction in the consumption of ma. [...] The University of Victoria ESC model factors in the capacities of the natural sinks (the oceans and the biosphere), and yet we see in Figure 1 that the emissions pathways required to stabilize the atmosphere at 400 ppm all fall below zero GHG emissions, i.e. [...] The interim targets are high and very challenging, but are constrained by world The scale of emission reductions population and the year 2100 global carbon budget, which will require us to quickly redesign is in turn constrained by the overall goal — the possibility of our urban centres, transportation returning the atmosphere to a composition where the probabil- ity of global average temperature.
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