Definition: The concept of phantom oil can and defrauded) across the supply chain of the oil be elusive. [...] Implications: The implications of phantom also exhibit negative social externalities that hurt the oil movements extend beyond their potential social fabric of societies and local communities, thus to disrupt the integrity of the oil market, social favoring the informal economy, causing pollution, welfare, and political stability in those countries and creating domestic security threats. [...] The more this system new mixes of oil are introduced to phantom oil operates, the more the modes of uncontrolled oil movements that require more sophisticated means movements become entrenched in the politics of adulteration, and (ii) tracing technologies for of the host country. [...] To illustrate, at the start of the significant oil theft for Pemex was a white collar 21st century, a group of cross-border smugglers Understanding Phantom Oil 9 Contextualizing Phantom Oil Flows from Uganda known as the ‘Opec Boys’ started can policymakers optimize policy levers to combat moving oil across the Democratic Republic of the phantom oil trade? And at the global level, what Congo’s bor. [...] and means of the buyers and sellers engaged in the phantom oil trade are shaped by the resources The desire to evade countermeasures often pushes they command, their adaptability to changing states to engage with non-state actors to buy circumstances, and geopolitical and institutional and sell their sanctioned oil.
- Pages
- 24
- Published in
- Saudi Arabia
