After summarising key aspects of China’s energy landscape, the report addresses each stage of the supply chain for fossil fuels, discussing in detail the subsidies (and other measures) that China and the review team have identified in the course of the review process, as per the terms of reference negotiated between China and the United States, and on the basis of the report that China produced on. [...] The remainder of this section presents the policies that China has described and nominated for reform in the CSR and the questions and comments raised by members of the peer-review team. [...] According to the requirement of the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the collection scope, procedures, and rates of excise taxes should be adjusted. [...] [T-c-8] A policy of exempting heat-supply enterprises from real-estate tax and urban land-use tax Overview of the subsidy programme: The heat-supply enterprises that charge a fee for the supply of heat to households are exempted from the real-estate tax and the urban land-use tax on plants, and on the land used for supplying heat to residents. [...] The review team encourages the Government to provide an estimate of the fiscal cost of this measure and to provide a clearer statement of the various fiscal, environmental, and social costs and impacts of VAT reductions for the residential use of coal gas, LPG, natural gas, and coal products.