Cybersecurity under Xi Jinping By Susanne Chan

During the same year, the then Ministry of Posts and Communications (MPT), Ministry of the Electronics Industry (MEI), and parts of the Ministry of Radio, Film and Television (MRFT) were combined to form the Ministry of Information Industry (MII). [...] These provide guiding principles and policies to agencies like the State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television (SAPPRFT), the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT), the State Internet Information Office (SIIO), and the Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC) that regulate and coordinate the industry. [...] For example, according to Article 4 of the “Measures for the Implementation of the Law on the Protection of State Secret” (保守国家秘密法实施办法 1990.04.25), any divulgence of information that results in “jeopardizing the ability of the national government to maintain stability and defend itself,” “affects the integrity of the nation's unity, solidarity among peoples, or social stability”, “harms political. [...] Subversion of the regime: Article 105(2) of The Criminal Law (中华人民共和国刑法 1997.03.04) states that the “Use of rumor mongering or defamation or other means to incite subversion of the national regime or the overthrow of the socialist system shall be punished by a sentence of five years or less of imprisonment, criminal detention, supervision, or deprivation of political rights. [...] Clause 1 states that the law aims to “safeguard national security, defend the people’s democratic dictatorship and the socialist system with Chinese characteristics” as well as the “realization of the great rejuvenation of the nation.” National security is defined as the protection of the political regime, sovereignty, national unification, territorial integrity, people’s welfare, and the “sustain.