Motherhood

A mother is the female parent of a child. Mothers are women who inhabit or perform the role of bearing some relation to their children, who may or may not be their biological offspring. Thus, dependent on the context, women can be considered mothers by virtue of having given birth, by raising their child(ren), supplying their ovum for fertilisation, or some combination thereof. Such conditions provide a way of delineating the concept of motherhood, or the state of being a mother. Women who meet the third and first categories usually fall under the terms 'birth mother' or 'biological mother', regardless …

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Publications

World Bank Group · 12 November 2024 English

This paper investigates the parenthood penalty in Indonesian labor markets, with a focus on gender disparities. It uses longitudinal data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey from 1993 to 2014 …

and thus women are significantly impacted by motherhood regardless of the age they become mothers. This finding suggest how strong norms associated with motherhood are. We first hypothesized that the penalty may play critical roles in moderating the effects of motherhood on labor market outcomes. These findings suggest Mata, D., Edo, M., and Marchionni, M. (2023). Motherhood and flexible jobs: Evidence from latin american Machado, M. P., Marchionni, M., et al. (2021). Motherhood and the allocation of talent. Yarine and Machado


UN-Habitat: UN Human Settlements Programme · 11 November 2024 English

25: Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and …

facing gender-based violence, racism and single motherhood. In its second phase, the programme strengthened


Streetnet International: International Alliance of Street Vendors · 7 November 2024 English

The importance of social protection to the lives of every citizen now and in the future which may also improve the economy of the world. [...] APPLAUDS The UN Universal …

livelihood in circumstances beyond his control. Motherhood and childhood are entitled to special care and


IOM: International Organization for Migration · 4 November 2024 English

WORLD MIGRATION REPORT 2024 The opinions expressed in the report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the International Organization for Migration (IOM). [...] …

N. (2022). The motherhood penalty of immigrants in France: Comparing the motherhood wage penalty of H. Drotbohm (2012). Mobility, moralities and motherhood: Navigating the contingencies of Cape Verdean “Mi corazón se partió en dos”: Transnational motherhood at the intersection of migration and violence there”: The meanings of Latina transnational motherhood. Gender and Society, 11(5):548–571. Hossain,


MHI: Mariwala Health Initiative · 4 November 2024 English

Her PhD thesis was methods to sustain their use of power, some the reframing of trauma and trauma theory on the organisational politics of the of which correspond to the …

recognition of reproductive importance’ of marriage and motherhood. conflict zones face other significant rights of transportation and The stress of impending motherhood They not only experience direct trauma but geographical


Impact on Urban Health · 4 November 2024 English

research comprehensively reflected perspectives across the sector, and in acknowledgement of the The report focused on the perspectives of influence of the CIMF industry, a representative individuals working in the …

(Accessed: 24 November 2023). cxxiii Dear Sunday Motherhood (2023) *Home.* Available at: https://www.dearsundaymotherhood Action (2023) *A perfect storm: pregnancy, new motherhood and the cost of living crisis*. Available at: Action (2023) *A perfect storm: pregnancy, new motherhood and the cost of living crisis*. Available at:


UN-Habitat: UN Human Settlements Programme · 4 November 2024 English

together with the World Bank, funded the Mozambique Cities and Climate Project: among the areas targeted was the coastal city of Beira, 276 WORLD CITIES REPORT 2024 Box 10.1: The …

the private sector. embedded in programmes for motherhood support.51 Often, bottom-up However, vulnerable


1 November 2024

elusive, higher levels of education and economic autonomy among women who are choosing to avoid the motherhood penalty and the burden of intensive parenting expectations and tap out from an increasingly misogynistic


World Bank Group · 31 October 2024 English

This learning brief presents a synthesis of the knowledge and evidence generated from women'seconomic empowerment interventions under the RSR-ADSP Gender Window. It reviews 36 knowledge and learning products-including project reports, …

(Chakravarty 2020). Deep-rooted social norms around motherhood and child upbringing make it extremely difficult


RECOFTC: Center for People and Forests · 30 October 2024 English

The involvement of regional stakeholders and opportunities for knowledge-sharing throughout the project is expected to counter the challenge of transboundary haze from the root of the problem: irregular and unpredictable …

they are primarily responsible for housework and motherhood, which restricts their ability to engage in fire


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