Petroleum

Petroleum, also known as crude oil and oil, is a naturally occurring, yellowish-black liquid found in geological formations beneath the Earth's surface. It is commonly refined into various types of fuels. Components of petroleum are separated using a technique called fractional distillation, i.e. separation of a liquid mixture into fractions differing in boiling point by means of distillation, typically using a fractionating column. It consists of naturally occurring hydrocarbons of various molecular weights and may contain miscellaneous organic compounds. The name petroleum covers both naturally occurring unprocessed crude oil and petroleum products that are made up of refined crude oil. …

Wikipedia

Publications

SWP: Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik · 27 November 2023 English

SWP Comment 2023/C 54, November 2024, 7 Pages

of the In the recently published update of its Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) and Net Zero Roadmap


IEA: International Energy Agency · 24 November 2023 English

The global oil and gas industry encompasses a large and diverse range of players: from small, specialised operators to huge national oil companies. These producers face pivotal choices about their …

Aramco, National Iranian Oil Company, Kuwait Petroleum Corporation, Abu Dhabi National Oil Company and markets. They include Equinor, China National Petroleum Corporation, Gazprom, Petronas and India’s Oil refinery and petrochemical sites (e.g. Marathon Petroleum, Phillips 66, Essar, Reliance and Valero). IEA heating and cooking appliances, even as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is used as an intermediary solution oil market share of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) rises from 36% in 2022


IRENA: International Renewable Energy Agency · 24 November 2023 English

Renewable energy

Malaysia. Despite their substantial reserves of petroleum and coal, both nations have made substantial investments Also, applying any butane gas and liquefied petroleum gas subsidies equally to biogas and biomethane


IRENA: International Renewable Energy Agency · 24 November 2023 English

Renewable energy

which is abundantly available, while liquid petroleum is used for processes in small industries and is provided using coal, traditional biomass, petroleum products and electricity. The main commercial sector’s energy demands have to be met with liquid petroleum fuel and electricity. The agricultural sector sector in Nepal uses 9.9% of the total petroleum product consumption and 2.2% of total electricity consumption


Global CSS Institute · 23 November 2023 English

To underpin the long-awaited CCS strategy, the European Commission also commissioned two studies; one on the CCS Directive implementing report EU regulation for the development of the market for CO2 …

depleted oil and gas fields. Lately, the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate offered Wintershall An analysis of censing-round-attracts-26-bids/ 30 Norwegian Petroleum Directorate (2023) Licenses for carbon storage: efforts with Fluxys. 56 Norwegian Ministry of Petroleum and Energy (2022) Closer cooperation between Norway


CAPS: Centre for Air Power Studies · 23 November 2023 English

The participants of the forum engaged in a discussion regarding the growth prospects of the transport and logistics sectors in the SCO countries. [...] They explored the potential for digitisation …

upstream projects via the implementation of Iran Petroleum Contracts. IOCs have the ability to participate


GFEI: Global Fuel Economy Initiative · 23 November 2023 English

Motor emissions could have fallen by over 30% without SUV trend. Global fall averaged 4.2% between 2010 and 2022 but would have been far more if vehicle sizes stayed same. …

capacity and not being a net importer of oil and petroleum products. Total sales for this set of countries includes compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquefied petroleum gases (LPG) powered vehicles. Sources: this assessment


SEI: Stockholm Environment Institute · 23 November 2023 English

This report explores what (if any) diversification strategies national oil and gas companies (NOGCs) are employing to engage in an energy transition, with a focus on four South American countries: …

renewables and hydrogen, alongside gas, liquid petroleum gas, and carbon capture and storage (Ecopetrol


World Bank Group · 22 November 2023 English

Côte d'Ivoire is at a crossroads. Despite good progress over the last decade, recent global economic and health shocks have aggravated existing problems including lack of fiscal space, limited access …

twenty years. The country is a net exporter of petroleum, while natural gas is supplied to the domestic Hydrocarbures (DGH) of the Ministry of Mines, Petroleum and Energy of Côte d’Ivoire and the Société Nationale discoveries happened in quick succession. A proven petroleum system and mild fiscal terms have contributed


CIGS: Canon Institute for Global Studies · 22 November 2023 English

By looking into the changes in the Middle East, especially in the Persian Gulf region as a major oil and gas producing area that is expected to be significantly affected …

China is a key export destination of petroleum and petroleum products; China, on its part, has fostered


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