Viruses

A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses infect all types of life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Since Dmitri Ivanovsky's 1892 article describing a non-bacterial pathogen infecting tobacco plants and the discovery of the tobacco mosaic virus by Martinus Beijerinck in 1898, more than 6,000 virus species have been described in detail of the millions of types of viruses in the environment. Viruses are found in almost every ecosystem on Earth and are the most numerous type of biological entity. The study of …

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Publications

Oxfam GB · 19 July 2024 English

This report examines the systematic weaponization of water by the Government of Israel during its military campaign in Gaza. It highlights the severe water shortages and sanitation crises resulting from …

sewage and wastewater contain bacteria, fungi, viruses, and other pathogens that can cause diseases,


World Bank Group · 15 July 2024 English

human and animal waste that contains bacteria, viruses, nutrients, chemicals, medications, soaps and


World Bank Group · 15 July 2024 English

pathogenic substances such as bacteria, molds, mites, viruses, and so on; detergents; disinfectants used in


World Bank Group · 15 July 2024 English

HIV/AIDS, Covid-19, and other infectious diseases and viruses, GBV, SEA/SH, child endangerment, or VAC incidents


UNEP: United Nations Environment Programme · 12 July 2024 English

Various forms of media help to shape public opinion, narratives and discourse that affect public behaviour, knowledge, attitudes and practice. Media also help to dispel myths and misconceptions, combat misinformation …

becoming) incurable. AMR occurs when bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites no longer respond to antimicrobial


RAND Corporation · 1 July 2024 English

On-demand gene synthesis is a growing industry that has democratized access to customized synthetic nucleic acid products used in biological research. But the increasing availability and decreasing cost of custom …

sequences of all plants, animals, bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Since the discovery of the structure and function specialized interface for finding sequences of viruses, and Virus-Host DB (Mihara et al., 2016) provides provides information about relationships between viruses and hosts linked to NCBI taxonomies. The creation replicate and grow. Researchers have also synthesized viruses, including the poliovirus (Cello, Paul, and Wimmer Program, identified de novo synthesis of pathogenic viruses and bacteria as one of the most pressing biodefense


WHO: World Health Organization · 28 June 2024 French

12 p

Surveillance of Antiviral Susceptibility of Influenza Viruses for the WHO Global Influenza Surveil- lance and of zoonotic influenza A viruses and development of candidate vaccine viruses for pandemic preparedness of zoonotic influenza A viruses and development of candidate vaccine viruses for pandemic preparedness (cVDPV) type 2 (cVDPV2).3, 4 cVDPVs (vaccine viruses that have reverted to neurovirulence) can emerge detected in Banadir, including 10 of 16 orphan viruses,14 which indicates substantial gaps in surveillance


WHO: World Health Organization · 28 June 2024 French

9 p

(cVDPV) type 2 (cVDPV2).3, 4 cVDPVs (vaccine viruses that have reverted to neurovirulence) can emerge detected in Banadir, including 10 of 16 orphan viruses,14 which indicates substantial gaps in surveillance représentation plus réaliste des résultats 14 Orphan viruses are ≥1.5% divergent from their closest genetic


IIC: India International Centre · 26 June 2024 English

3 to 9 April 2024 A seat of learning, replete with the beauty and architectural splendour of the Middle Ages, Oxford has nevertheless been The exhibition showcased Sipra Dattagupta’s works …

vulnerable to a host of infections, especially viruses like HIV/AIDS. SPEAKER: Akhil C. Banerjea Banerjea


WHO: World Health Organization · 21 June 2024 English

8 p

These 3  related, but antigenically distinct, viruses belong to the genus Alphavirus of the Togaviradae Argentina was in 1988.15 Other emerging vector-borne viruses reported in 2024 in the Americas The resurgence


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