Volcanoes

A volcano is a rupture in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface. On Earth, volcanoes are most often found where tectonic plates are diverging or converging, and most are found underwater. For example, a mid-oceanic ridge, such as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, has volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates whereas the Pacific Ring of Fire has volcanoes caused by convergent tectonic plates. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the crust's plates, such as in the East …

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Publications

ADB: Asian Development Bank · 16 July 2024 English

A volcanic eruption increases the likelihood of children working and dropping out of school.

of Fire and has the largest number of active volcanoes in the world (Siebert, Simkin & Kimberly 2011) havoc on the educational system in Indonesia. The volcanoes in our study, Mt. Merapi and Mt. Kelud, spewed period, treatment status, and distance to the volcanoes. The first difference is the time before and after difference is between people living near the volcanoes that erupted (Mt. Merapi and Mt. Kelud) and those those who live near other similar volcanoes that did not erupt during our study period. The final difference


World Bank Group · 25 June 2024 English

includes enhancing community resilience in the Volcanoes Region, building water security, and improving Community Resilience in the Volcanoes Region Flagship Project The Volcanoes Region, which spans the districts measures for all the gullies and rivers in the Volcanoes Region and elaborated a project proposal. However technical annexes, focusing on flood control in the Volcanoes region as well as impacts on livelihoods. The Resilience, focusing on community resilience in the Volcanoes Region, water security, and waste management improvements


World Bank Group · 24 June 2024 English

This report provides a high-level assessment of Azerbaijan's water security status across different water security dimensions (endowment, sector architecture, performance and outcomes) with the aim of highlighting where efforts should …

and the Absheron Peninsula, known for its mud volcanoes and distinctive landscapes. Figure 2: The 10-Steps-Process


World Bank Group · 18 June 2024 English

Preparing for—and responding to—disasters requires a people-centered approach and a strong understanding of households’ ability to cope with shocks. Relying on novel household survey data, this paper examines the ability …

island of Domica has nine potentially active volcanoes and concludes that it is “extremely vulnerable


World Bank Group · 17 June 2024 English

Growing climate risks pose a significant socioeconomic threat to the vulnerable communities in Fiji. In Fiji, gender inequality presents an extreme challenge, and it is particularly amplified amid disasters and …

The Pacific Ring of Fire comprises a series of volcanoes and seismic hot spots, characterized by frequent


World Bank Group · 17 June 2024 English

Preparing for-and responding to-disasters requires a people-centered approach and a strong understanding of households' ability to cope with shocks. Relying on novel household survey data, this paper examines the ability …

island of Domica has nine potentially active volcanoes and concludes that it is “extremely vulnerable


World Bank Group · 13 June 2024 English

above sea level. It is in a basin between two volcanoes Gunung Salak and Gunung Gede. No Indigenous Peoples


World Bank Group · 10 June 2024 English

environment with mountains, plains, beaches, volcanoes, and active faults. Its resource rich with Minerals


ERIA: Economic Research Institute for ASEAN & East Asia · 31 May 2024 English

ERIA Discussion Paper 2024-06, No. 513

Pacific Rim orogenic belt, they have many active volcanoes that pose a risk of eruption. On the other hand


UNEP: United Nations Environment Programme · 29 May 2024 English

Laura Punina, a Kichwa community leader in Chomborazo, which is named for one of the snow-capped volcanoes that dominate the skyline. “I think about that when I am planting. I hope that these trees will

Chomborazo, which is named for one of the snow-capped volcanoes that dominate the skyline. “I think about that


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