Gear shift - International lessons for increasing public transport ridership in UK cities

Its density of development; the institutional arrangements it has in place through the existence of Transport for London (TfL); the control it has over the bus network as well as roads, trams and trains; and its ability to raise revenue through measures like the Congestion Charge allow it to make the most of the transport network it has in place. [...] This is particularly notable considering that the wider urban area of Armentières has seen a fall in the share of journeys taken by public transport alongside one of the largest increases in car journeys in the area.12 The underlying success of these densification projects and the wider rejuvenation of Lille is down to strong political intervention, local freedom 11 Liu L and L’Hostis A (2014), Tr. [...] The effect of the policy has varied across the country; Lisbon has experienced a fall of 1.7 per cent in car trips to the city centre and train journeys between the suburbs and city centre increased 25.7 per cent between March 2019 and February 2020.24 The improvements made to public transport integration have been complemented by policies to discourage driving into the city centre such as road pr. [...] A lack of maintenance has resulted in sections of lane losing their green colour which has reduced awareness among drivers of the existence of the bus priority measures.44 Financial determinants While the policies above have focused on improving the value that a public transport system delivers to shift the non-monetary benefits of public over private transport, clearly the difference in monetary. [...] Key factors in London’s success persuading people to use public transport include the creation of the Greater London Authority and an overarching transport strategy for the city, establishing Transport for London to manage and integrate the city’s transport network, and improving public transport at the same time as disincentivising driving.