How Ecommerce can benefit consumers - An Australian study - Report – Prepared by Mandala February 2024

For the purposes of extrapolating the cost-efficiency effect in later sections, the difference between OCI and CPI is conservatively assumed to remain at this level for the remainder of 2023. [...] MANDALA | 6 All Australians benefited from online channels, but the cost savings generated by online channels delivered more benefits to households on lower incomes Lorenz curve of the distribution of cost savings relative to the distribution of income %, based on cumulative cost savings from online channels and disposable household income2 Cumulative % of total income (cost savings) 100% Equality. [...] 2 For each income quintile, a point on the Lorenz curve is calculated as the cost savings (or household income) that is attributable to that quintile, as a share of the total cost savings (or total household income). [...] The Gini coefficient can then be calculated as the area between a Lorenz curve and the equality line, divided by the total area under the equality line. [...] MANDALA | 7 The more Australians use online channels, the more they save Total household savings from 2019-2023, by online channel scenario $, household savings from 2019-2023 (cumulative), by online channel scenario Cost-efficiency effect Hypothetical: The more Australians use online channels, the more they save.