Nature-base - d Solutions for Adaptation to

NBS FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN COASTS 1.1 THE COASTAL ZONE OF THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA The Mediterranean Basin stands as one of the world's most esteemed and cherished seas, encompassing an extensive array of coastal and marine ecosystems that bestow valuable benefits upon its coastal communities. [...] 3.3 COASTAL FORESTS AND WOODLANDS Mediterranean coastal forests and woodlands are represented by the woody vegetation behind the sand- dunes and cliffs along the coast and they also characterize the sea-close part of thermo-Mediterranean forest vegetation zone. [...] 20 3.6 COASTAL AQUIFERS The availability and quality of freshwater resources is a critical issue for the growing population of the coastal areas in the Mediterranean basin. [...] As recognized by the Mediterranean Sea Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis (TDA) Coastal Aquifer Supplement of 2012, coastal aquifers contribute to the integrity and functioning of the coastal zone and marine ecosystems, and their degradation contributes to the major transboundary issues affecting the Mediterranean Sea Large Marine Ecosystem (LME). [...] Although the proportion of plant species specifically adapted to wildfire in the Mediterranean Basin may not reach those of some other Mediterranean-climate regions such as Southwest Australia and the Cape region of South Africa, the resistance of numerous plant species in the European-North African Mediterranean Basin to fire and other disturbances involving plant biomass loss is well-known and s.