The ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES - of the war against Ukraine

The report covers the following thematic areas: the environmental context before February 2022; military conduct; the impacts of the war on industrial and energy infrastructure, nuclear facilities and other radioactive sources, the built environment, the rural environment, freshwater resources and infrastructure, the coastal and marine environment, and on the global climate and Ukraine’s climate o. [...] The environment before February 2022 4 The military environment 8 The report and its visualisations were produced by the Conflict and Environment Observatory and Zoï Environment Network, with contributions from the OSCE’s expert network. [...] The intense use of active naval sonar systems is known to harm marine life, and may be associated with the deaths of dolphins and porpoises in the Black Sea since the beginning of the war. [...] These extra-territorial factors included the weaponization of oil and gas supplies; the impact of airspace closures on the fuel consumption of civil aviation; and the carbon cost of sharp increases in military operations and procurement. [...] 44 The legal and regulatory environment 45 Raise public awareness of the environmental di- Ensure that the environment along with climate and RECOMMENDATIONS mensions of the conflict and of the importance of health considerations are fully addressed and in-a sustainable recovery, integrating the involvement tegrated in response, recovery and reconstruction of diaspora expertise in the design of pr.