Scraping By 2 - GLOBAL COAL MINERS AND THE 0 - URGENCY OF

ment in the powerhouses of Jharkhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, and West Bengal make up 1–2% of the South Africa, the most coal-dependent country in the state workforce, not to mention informal employment G20, employs the majority of coal miners in Sub-Saha- and the related coal workforce in power stations and ran Africa with 67,300 workers spread across 78 active heavy industry. [...] The state of Mpumalanga stands as the largest employer of coal miners, responsible for mining 90% Within the coming year, Indonesia is expected to boost of the country’s coal, which contributes to 25% of production enough to rival India’s output for the first GDP—the most of any economic sector. [...] the most coal-dependent subnational region in the world, with coal mining employment comprising The remainder of the coal mining workforce lives and 4–8% of the workforce. [...] They labor shoulder-to-shoulder in underground Out in the world’s largest and mechanized mines, coal mines in the far-flung reaches of China’s northern and miners maneuver haul trucks the size of small houses midland provinces, or across the mining belt of eastern and churn out ten times that amount of coal every hour. [...] In China, for instance, the establish- closed all of its coal mines as of December 2018 and ment of the Industrial Special Fund by the Ministry of scheduled the total closure of its coal-fired power Finance in 2016 aimed to allocate US$ 14 billion (100 plants ahead of 2030.