INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE

3/2021, Climate Emergency: Scope of Inter-American Human Rights Obligations, (2021), at 8 (“Emphasizing that climate change is one of the greatest threats to the full enjoyment and exercise of human rights of present and future generations, to the health of ecosystems and all species that inhabit the planet.”); Joint Statement by the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women, th. [...] 1416 (1972), at principle 21 (“States have, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations and the principles of international law, the sovereign right to exploit their own resources pursuant to their own environmental policies, and the responsibility to ensure that activities within their jurisdiction or control do not cause damage to the environment of other States or of areas beyond the l. [...] 874 (1992), at principle 2 (“States have, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations and the principles of international law, the sovereign right to exploit their own resources pursuant to their own environmental and developmental policies, and the responsibility to ensure that activities within their jurisdiction or control do not cause damage to the environment of other States or of ar. [...] The action required of States to satisfy their preventive obligations and adhere to the transboundary harm principle—the requisite “due diligence”—will vary depending on the nature of the risk and the means at the State’s disposal. [...] States “shall take all appropriate measures to prevent significant transboundary harm or at any event to minimize the risk thereof.”46 This Court has noted that “in the field of environmental protection, vigilance and prevention are required on account of the often irreversible character of damage to the environment and of the limitations inherent in the very mechanism of reparation of this type o.