Mind the (Gender Pay) Gap:

The use of the ONS statistical data in this work does not imply the endorsement of the ONS in relation to the interpretation or analysis of the statistical data. [...] Therefore, the female under-representation in the upper part of the productivity distribution can contribute to the GPG and the impact of female directors may differ. [...] The “shift-er”, namely the share of female directors𝑖,base year, is the share of female directors of a given company in the base year. [...] Hence, 𝑧𝑖,𝑡 is the predicted value of the share of female directors for company 𝑖 in year 𝑡 , with the assumption that the distribution of female directors aligns with the observed distribution of female directors in the base year. [...] Share of male employees at the top The share of male employees at the top of pay quartile signals the male over-representation at the upper part of the pay distribution within firm.